The language models used in ChatGPT are specifically optimized for dialogue and were trained using reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). In January 2023, the International Conference on Machine Learning banned any undocumented use of ChatGPT or other large language models to generate any text in submitted papers. In September 2025, following the suicide of a 16-year-old, OpenAI said it planned to add restrictions for users under 18, including the blocking of graphic sexual content and the prevention of flirtatious talk. … It's also a way to understand the "hallucinations", or nonsensical answers to factual questions, to which large language models such as ChatGPT are all too prone. OpenAI's outsourcing partner was Sama, a training-data company based in San Francisco, California.
The continuous refinement of the chatbot relies on user feedback, facilitated by the provision of upvotes or downvotes through intuitive icons. These evaluative models play a pivotal role in determining optimal replies. ChatGPT initially learns the nuances of human language through online text corpus, subsequently refining its conversational skills using transcribed dialogues.
Introduction to ChatGPT
This update allows users to create customized GPTs that follow specific instructions and knowledge provided by the builder. According to an OpenAI blog post, ChatGPT will build memories on its own over time, though users can also prompt the bot to remember specific details — or forget them. To kick off the start of its o1 model family, OpenAI also announces the limited release of its o1-preview and o1-mini models. The feature is also still exclusive to ChatGPT users who have a Plus, Team, Enterprise or Education plan. While users cannot checkout inside ChatGPT, they are redirected to the merchant’s website when they click on the link. OpenAI announced the addition of product recommendations on ChatGPT when users implied shopping intent in their queries.
Expansion of Advanced Voice Mode to Browsers (November
Despite this, users may "jailbreak" ChatGPT with prompt engineering techniques to bypass these restrictions. The reward model of ChatGPT, designed around human oversight, can be over-optimized and thus hinder performance, in an example of an optimization pathology known as Goodhart's law. ChatGPT can find more up-to-date information by searching the web, but this doesn't ensure that responses are accurate, as it may access unreliable or misleading websites. OpenAI has sometimes mitigated this effect by updating the training data. ChatGPT's training data only covers a period up to the cut-off date, so it lacks knowledge of recent events.
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Furthermore, the model lacks comprehension of offensive or discriminatory language. ChatGPT raises significant ethical concerns due to potential biases in its training data, which can manifest in its outputs. OpenAI intends to introduce watermarks for longer text pieces to aid in identifying AI-generated content. To combat cheating and plagiarism, OpenAI introduced an AI text classifier aimed at distinguishing between jinx casino no deposit bonus human and AI-generated text.
For OpenAI's models, they can be "as short as a single character or as long as a full word, depending on the language and context. Spaces, punctuation, and partial words all contribute to token counts," according to OpenAI. When a user prompts a large language model, the query is broken into tokens — the smallest unit of text a model processes. Since the release of ChatGPT, OpenAI has unveiled several different ChatGPT models — all of which can be used in conjunction with the chatbot.
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It is designed to generate human-like text and can carry out a wide variety of tasks. ChatGPT is a chatbot and AI assistant built on large language model (LLM) technology. ChatGPT's training data includes software manual pages, information about internet phenomena such as bulletin board systems, multiple programming languages, and the text of Wikipedia. OpenAI collects data from ChatGPT users to further train and fine-tune its services. ChatGPT is based on GPT foundation models that have been fine-tuned for conversational assistance.
At launch, the feature was limited to purchases on Etsy from US users with a payment method linked to their OpenAI account. The user can interrupt tasks or provide additional instructions as needed. In July 2025, OpenAI released ChatGPT agent, an AI agent that can perform multi-step tasks.
Instant Checkout Feature Release (September
ChatGPT Agent functions by using a text-based browser to find information related to the action requested by the user. However, it was labeled underwhelming by some users due its performance shortly after its release. It is now available to both paying and non-paying ChatGPT users, with usage limitations of course. OpenAI released GPT-5, calling it its “fastest” and “smartest” AI model to date. The company also unveiled an open-source technical standard called Agentic Commerce Protocol for merchants to build integrations with ChatGPT, essentially making their products available for purchase within the chatbot.
- In fact, many users have reported instances of GPT-5 making simple mistakes.
- In July 2024, Futurism reported that GPT-4o in ChatGPT would sometimes link “scam news sites that deluge the user with fake software updates and virus warnings”; these pop-ups can be used to coerce users into downloading malware or potentially unwanted programs.
- As of July 2025, Science expects authors to release in full how AI-generated content is used and made in their work.
- Furthermore, the model lacks comprehension of offensive or discriminatory language.
- The plan costs $200 per month and gives users access to Open AI o1, o1-mini, GPT-4o and advanced voice mode.
- For example, ChatGPT will offer hints, organize content into sections and create custom lessons and quizzes instead of providing a direct answer to students.
Released in February 2025, GPT-4.5 was described by Altman as a "giant, expensive model". In September 2024, OpenAI introduced o1-preview and a faster, cheaper model named o1-mini. GPT-4o ("o" for "omni") is a multilingual, multimodal generative pre-trained transformer developed by OpenAI and released in May 2024. A study presented example attacks on ChatGPT, including jailbreaks and reverse psychology. ChatGPT is programmed to reject prompts that may violate its content policy. The term "hallucination" as applied to LLMs is distinct from its meaning in psychology, and the phenomenon in chatbots is more similar to confabulation or bullshitting.
ChatGPT has never been publicly available in China because OpenAI prevented Chinese users from accessing their site. Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) is a large language model developed by OpenAI and the fourth in its series of GPT foundation models. In August 2024, OpenAI announced it had created a text watermarking method but did not release it for public use, saying that users would go to a competitor without watermarking if it publicly released its watermarking tool. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said that users were unable to see the contents of the conversations. It was capable of autonomously performing tasks through web browser interactions, including filling forms, placing online orders, scheduling appointments, and other browser-based tasks. In March 2023, ChatGPT Plus users got access to third-party plugins and a browsing mode (with Internet access).
- Google has Gemini, a multimodal model that CEO Sundar Pichai called “one of the biggest science and engineering efforts we’ve undertaken as a company.”
- Chris Granatino, a librarian at Seattle University, noted that while ChatGPT can generate content that seemingly includes legitimate citations, in most cases those citations are not real or largely incorrect.
- However, as a conversational chatbot, ChatGPT is primed to engage in iterative dialogue, allowing users to request further clarification or prompt it to refine its responses as needed.
- Another study, focused on the performance of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 between March and June 2024, found that performance on objective tasks like identifying prime numbers and generating executable code was highly variable.
- Andrew Ng argued that “it’s a mistake to fall for the doomsday hype on AI—and that regulators who do will only benefit vested interests.” Yann LeCun dismissed doomsday warnings of AI-powered misinformation and existential threats to the human race.
- The developer, OpenAI, indicated that the app’s privacy practices may include handling of data as described below.
- In January 2023, Science “completely banned” LLM-generated text in all its journals; however, this policy was just to give the community time to decide what acceptable use looks like.
About this app
Ravinutala said chatbots like ChatGPT can be used by customer experience companies to automate customer service interactions, allowing companies to better understand user intent and respond accordingly. Instead of a list of websites, though, it’ll provide users with a simple list of answers. It can also be fine-tuned for specific use cases such as legal documents or medical records, where the model is trained on domain-specific data.
Not only can ChatGPT generate working computer code of its own (in many different languages), but it can also translate code from one language to another, and debug existing code. This is used to not only help the model determine the best output, but it also helps improve the training process, enabling it to answer questions more effectively. This approach incorporates human feedback into the training process so it can better align its outputs with user intent (and carry on with more natural-sounding dialogue).
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